IELTS Reading Section – Tipe soal Identifying Information (TRUE FALSE NOT GIVEN)



Dalam mengerjakan IELTS Reading Section, anda akan dihadapkan pada soal yang beragam jenisnya. Identifying Information adalah salah satu tipe soal yang akan muncul di IELTS Reading Section. Ada beberapa strategi yang harus anda terapkan ketika mengerjakan tipe soal ini. Mari kita mulai pembahasan ini dengan penjelasan singkat mengenai soal Identifying Information.


Jenis soal Indentifying Information mengharuskan anda untuk membaca beberapa pernyataan, lalu menentukan apakah pernyataan tersebut benar, salah, atau tidak ada di bacaan. Tipe soal ini secara umum juga dikenal sebagai tipe soal True False Not Given. Beberapa strategi yang harus anda terapkan saat mengerjakan soal ini, diantaranya:

- Temukan keyword pada pernyataan, biasanya terdapat 1 sampai 4 keyword, tergantung panjangnya pernyataan

- Mulai membaca passage, dari paragraf satu. Ingat, soal akan selalu berurutan dengan bacaan dan tidak akan di acak. Jika anda mengerjakan nomor 1, silahkan fokus pada paragraf pertama.

- Setelah anda menemukan paragraf yang mengandung jawaban, anda harus mencari kalimat dimana anda akan menemukan jawaban bagi soal yang sedang anda kerjakan. Ingat, sebagian besar jawaban IELTS Reading selalu ada di ide utama paragraf.

- Setelah menemukan kalimat yang dimaksud, anda bisa mulai menentukan jawaban dengan aturan sebagai berikut:


Misal kita memiliki tiga keywords,
Jika keyword pertama ada di bacaan dan benar (sesuai dengan apa yang ada di bacaan), keyword kedua ada di bacaan dan benar, dan keyword ketiga juga ada di bacaan dan benar, maka jawaban bagi soal tersebut adalah TRUE


Jika keyword pertama ada di bacaan dan benar (sesuai dengan apa yang ada di bacaan), keyword kedua ada di bacaan dan benar, keyword ketiga juga ada di bacaan namun tidak sesuai dengan informasi yang disampaikan di bacaan, maka jawaban bagi soal tersebut adalah FALSE


Jika keyword pertama ada di bacaan dan benar (sesuai dengan apa yang ada di bacaan), keyword kedua ada di bacaan dan benar, dan keyword ketiga sama sekali tidak ada di bacaan, maka jawaban bagi soal tersebut adalah NOT GIVEN


Catatan
Dalam mengerjakan soal Identifying Information, ketiga opsi jawaban pasti akan selalu dipakai. Tidak mungkin anda mengerjakan lima soal dengan jawaban TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE, karena opsi NOT GIVEN seharusnya juga dipakai. Perhatikan contoh bacaan berikut ini!


The History of Music
Music is everywhere, and it can be found in all cultures. Almost all people listen to music, whether it’s pop, rock, jazz or folk music. Even the most isolated tribal groups who live in remote areas have a form of music. The journey of music had begun even long before the ancient time. It is influenced and shaped by our culture and belief, as well as technology and social economic aspects.


Prehistoric music dated back to the prehistoric era. This kind of music was produced in preliterate culture and thus, left no historic clue for us to study. Native American and Aboriginal music might fit this category. The origin of this prehistoric music is still unknown, since its history was not recorded. The sound of this prehistoric music might be closely related to the sound and rhythm of nature. In some cases, music was played along with traditional games. Sometimes, it was used by hunters for luring animals (by mimicking their voice). In several occasions, music was even used in shamanistic practice. It’s not impossible that what was once called music was human’s voice itself, as they produce various types of voice ranging from singing, humming and whistling to clicking, coughing and yawning.


Prehistoric age ended with the development of writing. The oldest known song ever made by human was part of Hurian hymn number 6, first deciphered by Anne Draffkorn Kilmer. In Sassanid period, one of the oldest music was believed to be performed live. In ancient Greek, music was one of the most important parts of education, and was taught to children starting at age six. During the Biblical period, music was used to accompany a prayer called Hebrew litany.


The Baroque era took place from 1600 to 1750, and flourished mainly in Europe. It began when the first operas were written. In this era, multiple, simultaneous independent melody lines were used, in which a range of instruments (including strings, brass, woodwinds, and organ) was used for small ensembles. This period also witnessed several major music forms which will have significant influence on the next generation music. Some well-known composers from Baroque era include Johann Sebastian Bach, Claudio Monteverdi and Antonio Vivaldi. Music in Classical era tended to be voice-like and singable. This enabled composers to actually replace (as the focus of the music) and shift to instrumental music. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was the central figure of Classical period. Ludwig van Beethoven and Franz Schubert were considered as the transitional composers which lead to the era of Romantic music.


Romantic period was characterized with a more expressive and emotional kind of music. Some famous composers from this era include Brahms and Tchaikovsky. Twentieth Century music was the time when music was revolutionized, as radio and other technology gained popularity worldwide. Music became more visual with the broadcast of music videos and live concerts. Music also became more portable as technology has made it possible for the people to listen to music from a portable device.

Source: Wikipedia
Disclaimer: The passage above is used only for illustration



Misal anda membaca statement:

Music is ubiquitous and enjoyed almost by everyone


Pada statement ini, kita memiliki dua keyword yang akan membantu kita menemukan jawaban bagi soal tersebut (keyword disini adalah kata yang diberi highlight abu-abu). Setelah menentukan keyword, kita bisa langsung membaca paragraf pertama dan mencari parafrasa dari keywords yang kita temukan tadi, sehingga jadi seperti ini:

Music is everywhere, and it can be found in all cultures. Almost all people listen to music, whether it’s pop, rock, jazz or folk music. Even the most isolated tribal groups who live in remote areas have a form of music. The journey of music had begun even long before the ancient time. It is influenced and shaped by our culture and belief, as well as technology and social economic aspects.

...dimana...
Ubiquitous = everywhere
Everyone = all people


Setelah menemukan parafrasa keyword di bacaan, anda bisa segera menentukan jawaban dengan aturan yang sudah dijelaskan tadi, sehingga:
Keyword pertama (ubiquitous) : ada, dan benar
Keyword kedua (all people) : ada, dan benar

Maka jawaban bagi soal ini adalah: TRUE




Sekarang, waktunya anda berlatih menjawab pertanyaan TRUE FALSE NOT GIVEN berdasarkan strategi pengerjaan yang sudah dijelaskan di atas! Agar anda bisa dengan mudah menerapkan strategi yang sudah dijelaskan sebelumnya, pastikan anda mengerjakan soal-soal di bawah ini dengan ketentuan sebagai berikut!
  • Baca soal dan lingkari keyword yang anda temukan
  • Baca mulai dari paragraf pertama, lalu bergerak ke tengah dan akhir bacaan
  • Tulis di paragraf mana anda menemukan jawaban
  • Tulis di kalimat ke-berapa anda menemukan jawaban
  • Tulis parafrasa keyword di bacaan
  • Tentukan jawaban yang paling tepat
  • Cocokkan statement soal dan informasi yang ada di bacaan

Jika kita mengambil contoh di atas, jawaban anda akan terlihat seperti berikut ini:
Soal nomor: 0
Keyword(s)
Ubiquitous, everyone
Informasi dapat ditemukan di paragraf ke-
1
Jawaban ada di kalimat ke-
1
Parafrasa dari keyword di soal adalah
Everywhere, all people
Jawaban bagi soal nomor 0 adalah
TRUE
Jika disandingkan maka statement akan menjadi sebagai berikut:
Music is ubiquitous and enjoyed almost by everyone
=
Music is everywhere, and it can be found in all cultures. Almost all people listen to music, whether it’s pop, rock, jazz or folk music


Sekarang, kerjakan soal-soal di bawah ini

  1. Music can only be found in civilized and established society
  2. The origin of prehistoric music is still unknown because no one was willing to record it
  3. Voices which are produced by humans can actually be considered as music
  4. Children of the ancient Greek were keen to learn music
  5. Baroque era ended in 19th Century
  6. In Baroque era, various instruments were played together to play ensembles
  7. Beethoven was a famous composer in the early Classical period
  8. There was less and less emotional aspect being involved in Romantic music
  9. In general, modern music is much better than the classical composition
  10. Music had never been commercialized until 1900




Soal nomor: 1
Keyword(s)




Informasi dapat ditemukan di paragraf ke-




Jawaban ada di kalimat ke-




Parafrasa dari keyword di soal adalah




Jawaban bagi soal nomor 1 adalah




Jika disandingkan maka statement akan menjadi sebagai berikut:






Soal nomor: 2
Keyword(s)




Informasi dapat ditemukan di paragraf ke-




Jawaban ada di kalimat ke-




Parafrasa dari keyword di soal adalah




Jawaban bagi soal nomor 2 adalah




Jika disandingkan maka statement akan menjadi sebagai berikut:





Soal nomor: 3
Keyword(s)




Informasi dapat ditemukan di paragraf ke-




Jawaban ada di kalimat ke-




Parafrasa dari keyword di soal adalah




Jawaban bagi soal nomor 3 adalah




Jika disandingkan maka statement akan menjadi sebagai berikut:





Soal nomor: 4
Keyword(s)




Informasi dapat ditemukan di paragraf ke-




Jawaban ada di kalimat ke-




Parafrasa dari keyword di soal adalah




Jawaban bagi soal nomor 4 adalah




Jika disandingkan maka statement akan menjadi sebagai berikut:





Soal nomor: 5
Keyword(s)




Informasi dapat ditemukan di paragraf ke-




Jawaban ada di kalimat ke-




Parafrasa dari keyword di soal adalah




Jawaban bagi soal nomor 5 adalah




Jika disandingkan maka statement akan menjadi sebagai berikut:





Soal nomor: 6
Keyword(s)




Informasi dapat ditemukan di paragraf ke-




Jawaban ada di kalimat ke-




Parafrasa dari keyword di soal adalah




Jawaban bagi soal nomor 6 adalah




Jika disandingkan maka statement akan menjadi sebagai berikut:





Soal nomor: 7
Keyword(s)




Informasi dapat ditemukan di paragraf ke-




Jawaban ada di kalimat ke-




Parafrasa dari keyword di soal adalah




Jawaban bagi soal nomor 7 adalah




Jika disandingkan maka statement akan menjadi sebagai berikut:





Soal nomor: 8
Keyword(s)




Informasi dapat ditemukan di paragraf ke-




Jawaban ada di kalimat ke-




Parafrasa dari keyword di soal adalah




Jawaban bagi soal nomor 9 adalah




Jika disandingkan maka statement akan menjadi sebagai berikut:







Soal nomor: 9
Keyword(s)




Informasi dapat ditemukan di paragraf ke-




Jawaban ada di kalimat ke-




Parafrasa dari keyword di soal adalah




Jawaban bagi soal nomor 9 adalah




Jika disandingkan maka statement akan menjadi sebagai berikut:







Soal nomor: 10
Keyword(s)




Informasi dapat ditemukan di paragraf ke-




Jawaban ada di kalimat ke-




Parafrasa dari keyword di soal adalah




Jawaban bagi soal nomor 10 adalah




Jika disandingkan maka statement akan menjadi sebagai berikut:





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